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Women in the Courtroom: Technology and Justice

Heng Chen, Yuyu Chen, and Qingxu Yang

Our study analyzes 6 million civil judgments in China from 2014 to 2018, documenting gender disparities that disfavor female litigants. We investigate the impact of an open justice reform that mandated courts to broadcast legal proceedings live on a centralized online platform. By exploiting variations in its implementation across courts and over time and employing both difference-in-differences and Bartik IV approaches, we find that gender disparities in chances of winning decrease as broadcast intensity increases.

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The Geography of Business Dynamism and Skill-Biased Technical Change

Hannah Rubinton

This paper shows that the growing disparities between big and small cities in the U.S. since 1980 can be explained by firms endogenously responding to a skill-biased technology shock. With the introduction of a new skill-biased technology that is high fixed cost but low marginal cost, firms endogenously adopt more in big cities, cities that offer abundant amenities for high-skilled workers, and cities that are more productive in using high-skilled labor.

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Reallocative Auctions and Core Selection

Marzena Rostek and Nathan Yoder

When selling goods like wireless spectrum or electricity contracts, designers often opt for core-selecting mechanisms — i.e., those that induce outcomes in the core — in order to balance revenue and efficiency goals. But increasingly, auctions — such as the FCC’s Incentive Auction and those explored for natural resources — seek to reallocate goods, not just sell them. We show that when bidders can both buy and sell, substitutability among goods is no longer sufficient or necessary for core selection.

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Estimating Welfare Effects in a Nonparametric Choice Model: The Case of School Vouchers

Vishal Kamat and Samuel Norris

We develop new robust discrete choice tools to learn about the average willingness to pay for a price subsidy and its effects on demand given exogenous, discrete variation in prices. Our starting point is a nonparametric, nonseparable model of choice. We exploit the insight that our welfare parameters in this model can be expressed as functions of demand for the different alternatives. However, while the variation in the data reveals the value of demand at the observed prices, the parameters generally depend on its values beyond these prices.

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Bewley Banks

Rustam Jamilov and Tommaso Monacelli

How do movements in the distributions of bank size and income affect the macroeconomy? To answer this question we develop a dynamic general equilibrium model with heterogeneous financial intermediaries, incomplete markets, and aggregate uncertainty. We find that market incompleteness and uninsured idiosyncratic bank rate of return risk generate minimal concentration in the bank net worth distribution, leading to an “as-if” result, whereby the economy behaves as if it had a representative bank.

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Capital Requirements with Non-Bank Finance

Kyle Dempsey

I quantitatively analyze the macroeconomic impacts of raising capital requirements in a model in which heterogeneous firms may choose either intermediated or direct finance. Heterogeneous banks compete with other banks and the bond market, fund loans with insured deposits and costly equity (subject to a minimum capital to asset ratio), and monitor borrowers. I find that tighter capital requirements reduce costly bank failures while having only small effects on key macroeconomic aggregates, and that raising capital requirements above current levels can be welfare-improving.

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The Micro and Macro Effects of Changes in the Potential Benefit Duration

Jonas Jessen, Robin Jessen, Ewa Gałecka-Burdziak, Marek Góra, and Jochen Kluve

We quantify micro and macro effects of changes in the potential benefit duration (PBD) in unemployment insurance. In Poland, the PBD is 12 months for the newly unemployed if the previous year’s county unemployment rate is more than 150% of the national average, and 6 months otherwise. We exploit this cut-off using regression discontinuity estimates on registry data containing the universe of unemployed from 2005 to 2019.

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In their paper, recently accepted to #REStud, Milgrom & Watt @MitchLWatt introduce “Walrasian markup mechanisms”—feasible, nearly efficient, and nearly incentive compatible mechanisms for nonconvex markets using linear prices.

https://www.restud.com/a-walrasian-mechanism-with-markups-for-nonconvex-markets/

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In their paper, recently accepted to #REStud, Frakes @MichaelFrakes2 and Gruber find a reduction in racial health disparities among chronic-disease patients following an increase in the racial diversity of the surrounding medical providers.

https://www.restud.com/the-effect-of-provider-diversity-on-racial-health-disparities-evidence-from-the-military/

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"State schools aimed to secularize Indonesia, but religious schools adapted, competing for students and strengthening Islamic identity instead."

Recently accepted to #REStud, from @samuelbazzi, Hilmy and @benjaminmarx:

https://www.restud.com/religion-education-and-the-state/

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Recently accepted to #REStud, "Homeownership, Polarization, and Inequality," from Andrii Parkhomenko:

https://www.restud.com/homeownership-polarization-and-inequality/

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